電腦安全-Supplementary
5G Security Evolution
EPS-AKA: EPS-Authentication and Key Agreement
- Vulnerability:
- UE(使用者設備)的身份識別碼 IMSI 會在無線空中介面中以未加密方式傳送
- 5G security: Subscriber ID privacy
- 缺乏 home network 的控制能力
- 5G security: Increased home control
- Diameter signaling protocol (訊號協定) 中發現安全弱點,可能導致 DoS attacks
- 5G security: Security Edge Protection Proxy (SEPP) with TLS
5G Security in 3GPP R15
- 針對舊有安全弱點的改進
Subscriber ID privacy: 使用者身份 ID 不會再於空中介面中直接暴露Increased home control: 最終的認證決策由 home network 負責Security edge protection proxy (SEPP): 提供不同網路之間的安全保護
- 針對新架構與新功能的安全機制
- Unified authentication framework:
3GPP and non-3GPP access networks - Service Based Architecture (
SBA) security
- Unified authentication framework:
5G Unified Authentication Framework
- 三種認證方法
5G-AKA&EAP-AKA’5G-AKA: 3GPP accessEAP-AKA’: non-3GPP access- Trust model: shared symmetric key
EAP-TLS- 用於私有網路與 IoT 環境
- Trust model: public key certificate
- Why EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol)?
- 允許使用不同種類的認證憑證
- 不只侷限於傳統行動網路中的 SIM-based credentials
5G Subscriber ID Privacy
SUPI(Subscription Permanent Identifier)- 訂閱者永久識別碼
SUCI(Subscription Concealed Identifier)- 隱藏式訂閱者識別碼
- 經過保護/加密後的 SUPI
- 用來避免空中暴露真實身份
GUTI(Globally Unique Temporary UE Identifier)- 全球唯一暫時性 UE 識別碼
- 用來避免頻繁傳送真實身份
5G SBA
Service Based Architecture
Updating production network- 採用 loosely-coupled (鬆耦合) 的服務
Extensibility- 使用 light-weight (輕量化) 的 service-based interface
Modularity and Reusability- 服務可以容易地被其他服務呼叫與重複使用
Openness- 可以更容易對外部使用者或第三方系統提供服務
NFs SecurityDirect communication- Transport-layer protection (
TLS) - Token-based authorization (OAuth 2.0)
- Transport-layer protection (
Indirection communicationviaSCP- Implicit authentication
- Token-based authorization (OAuth 2.0)
5G Security in 3GPP R16
- Security for
new essential functionsandservices- Network slices
- Non-3GPP access
- Non-public network
- Time Sensitive Communications (TSC) service
- Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB)
- Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC) service
5G Security in 3GPP R17
- Security for
edgeandmanagement functions- Edge computing
- Multicast/broadcast service
- Message service for Massive IoT (MIoT)
- Network Data Analytics Function (NWDAF)
Certifications / Audit Enhancement
NESAS: 由 GSMA 和 3GPP 共同制定用於行動網路設備的安全評估
- 對設備供應商的好處
- 獲得來自全球主要行動通訊產業代表組織的認證
- 提供統一化的安全稽核方法
- 避免不同市場之間安全要求碎片化
- 對電信營運商的好處
- 嚴格的安全標準,要求設備供應商具備高度安全承諾
- 採取適當的安全措施和做法
- 無需花費金錢和時間對每家 vendor 個別進行安全稽核
Conclusion
- 5G security designs from 3GPP standard
- (R15) Security for
vulnerability resolutionandnew architecture/functions - (R16) Security for
new essential functionsandservices - (R17) Security for
edgeandmanagement functions
- (R15) Security for
NESAS: Security for mobile network equipment- 行動網路設備安全機制
However, any of design flaws, implementation bugs, and operation slips may cause security issues to a system- 設計缺陷、實作漏洞、操作失誤
- Especially for new architecture/functions/services





